Umbiko ngobuchwepheshe bokwelapha ubuso obusebenzisa i-hot-dip galvanizing - Itshe lesisekelo lezimboni lokuvikela ukugqwala kwensimbi isikhathi eside
I. Imisebenzi kanye Nezindinganiso Eziyinhloko
Imisebenzi eyinhloko
- I-Super anti-rust: ubukhulu bengqimba ye-zinc 60-150μm, ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti kuze kufike emahoreni angu-600-1500 (izikhathi ezingu-5-8 zopende ojwayelekile)
- Izici zokuziphilisa: Isendlalelo se-zinc siklwebha nge-anode yomhlatshelo ukuze sivikele i-substrate (ukuvikelwa kwe-electrochemical)
- Ukuvikelwa kwemishini: ubulukhuni bengqimba ye-zinc-iron alloy yi-HV250, futhi ukumelana nokuklwebheka kuhle kakhulu
- Impilo yokulungisa engenazo iziphazamiso: impilo yokulwa nokugqwala> iminyaka engama-20 endaweni engaphandle (izinga le-ISO 1461)
Ukuxazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile
| Amaphuzu obuhlungu embonini | Izixazululo ezishisayo zokugaya |
| Ingozi yokugqwala kombhoshongo webhuloho/ukudluliselwa | ukuvikelwa okuphindwe kabili kwesendlalelo se-zinc + isendlalelo se-alloy |
| Ukuvimbela ukugqwala emakhoneni afile ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi | 450℃ukugqoka okucwiliswa ngokuphelele nge-zinc encibilikisiwe |
| Ukugqwala okusheshayo endaweni enomswakama ophezulu. | Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwengqimba ye-zinc liyi-1-2μ kuphelam/ngonyaka |
II. Isimiso Sokusebenza
Ukwahlukaniswa kwesakhiwo esincane (kusukela ku-substrate kuya ngaphandle):
① Isigaba se-δ (i-FeZn₇, okuqukethwe kwensimbi okungu-7-12%) → ② Isigaba ζ (i-FeZn₁₃, okuqukethwe kwensimbi okungu-6%) → ③ Isigaba se-η (ungqimba lwe-zinc oluhlanzekile)
(UMFANELO: Isakhiwo sokubopha sensimbi kanye nendlela yokuvikela i-electrochemical yesendlalelo se-hot-dip galvanized)
I-zinc metallurgy ewuketshezi ehlanganiswe nendlela yokuvikela i-electrochemical
III. Inqubo yokusebenza kwenqubo
Izinyathelo eziyisikhombisa zokulawula ngokuqinile uchungechunge lwenqubo
- Ukususa amafutha nokususa uwoyela (isixazululo se-alkaline, 70℃×10min) → ukuwasha ngamanzi
- Ukususwa kokukhuhla nokugqwala (15-20% i-hydrochloric acid, izinga lokushisa legumbi imizuzu engama-30) → ukugeza ngamanzi
- Ukwelashwa kokufaka okusizayo (isixazululo se-ZnCl₂+NH₄Cl, 60℃×2min)
- Ukushisa okushisayo (izinga lokushisa lokugeza le-zinc 445-465℃, isikhathi sokucwiliswa imizuzu emi-3-8)
- Ukuphonsa i-centrifugal zinc (ukujikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu ukususa i-zinc esele kanye nobukhulu befilimu yokulawula)
- Ukupholisa ngamanzi (ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa ngokuzumayo ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwesendlalelo se-zinc)
- Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi nokulungiswa:
- Ukutholwa kobukhulu: igeyiji yobukhulu obungumazibuthe (i-ISO 1461 idinga ≥85μm)
- Ukuhlolwa kokunamathela: Indlela yesando ngaphandle kokuxebuka (ASTM A123)
IV. Ukuqhathaniswa nezinye izinqubo
| Izici | Ukushisa okushisayo | Ukugaya ngogesi | Ukufafaza ngepulasitiki |
| Impilo yokumelana nokugqwala | Iminyaka engama-20-50 (ngaphandle) | Iminyaka emi-5-15 | Iminyaka engu-8-15 |
| Ukufana kobukhulu befilimu | I-Angle> indiza (eqiniswe ngo-20%) | Ifana kodwa kulula ukuyinciphisa emakhoneni | Ukumbozwa okufanayo |
| Imelana nomonakalo wemishini | ★★★★★ (ubulukhuni obuphezulu besendlalelo se-alloy) | ★★☆☆☆ (ungqimba oluthambile lwe-zinc olumsulwa) | ★★★☆☆ (ukuqina kokumboza) |
| Impahla yokuvikela imvelo | Ukwelashwa ngentuthu ye-zinc (kudingeka imishini yokuvikela imvelo) | Amanzi amdaka aqukethe i-chromium | I-VOC engekho |
| Izindleko | ¥80-150/㎡ (kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwangaphambili) | ¥20-40/㎡ | ¥25-50/㎡ |
Ukuboniswa kwephrojekthi:
Umbhoshongo wepulazi lomoya ogwini (ofakwe i-hot-dip galvanized) ubulokhu usebenza iminyaka eyi-18 ngaphandle kokugqwala, kuyilapho izingxenye zesakhiwo ezipendiwe zilungiswe kathathu phakathi nenkathi efanayo.
V. Umhlahlandlela Wesimo Sesicelo
● Izinkambu ezikhethwayo:
-
- ✅ Izakhiwo ezisindayo zangaphandle (imibhoshongo yegridi kagesi/izakhiwo zensimbi zamabhuloho)
- ✅ Indawo egqwalisayo (isitshalo samakhemikhali/ipulatifomu yolwandle)
- ✅ Izidingo zokulungisa izakhiwo (izinsika zokuvikela ezisheshayo/izinsika zokukhanyisa)
● Sebenzisa izimo ngokucophelela:
-
- ❌ Izingxenye zokufaka kahle (ukuguquguquka kobukhulu beplati ±15%)
- ❌> 200℃ isimo sokusebenza (ukuqhekeka kwengqimba ye-zinc-iron alloy)
- ❌ Imishini yokuxhumana nokudla (ingozi yokufuduka kwe-zinc ion)
Isiphetho: Ukufaka i-hot-dip galvanizing sekuyindlela engenakuphikwa yokuvikela ukugqwala ngenxa yokuphila kwayo isikhathi eside, izakhiwo zokuziphilisa, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okukhulu kwemvelo.
Ulayini we-galvanizing we-Mingli Metal ohlakaniphile usekela ukucutshungulwa kwezingxenye ezinkulu kakhulu (kufika ku-12m) ngokuqapha ukwakheka kwe-zinc ngesikhathi sangempela (ukulawulwa okunembile kokuqukethwe kwe-aluminium ku-0.005-0.02%), okunikeza ikhambi eliphelele lokuvikela umjikelezo wokuphila kwamaphrojekthi engqalasizinda.
Isithasiselo: indawo yangempela yomugqa wokukhiqiza we-hot-dip galvanizing
Umfanekiso: ukucwiliswa kwengxenye yokusebenza ku-zinc → i-centrifugation → inqubo yokupholisa (uhlelo lokuqapha izinga lokushisa koketshezi lwe-zinc)
● Isithasiselo sobuchwepheshe
- Ukulinganisa okujwayelekile kwamazwe ngamazwe:
- Imfuneko yobukhulu: ISO 1461 (85μm)> ASTM A123 (78μm)
- Ukusungula izinto ezintsha:
- Isembozo se-zinc-nickel alloy (0.8-1.3%Ni) singanciphisa umlotha we-zinc ngo-50%
- Ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikelwa kwemvelo:
- Uhlelo lokubuyisa inkungu ye-asidi (izinga lokubuyisa i-HCl> 90%)
- Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ugesi oshisayo (ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-30%)