Umbiko wobuchwepheshe bokwelashwa kobuso bokupholisha nge-electrolytic —— Isixazululo esiphelele sendawo ehlanzekile kakhulu yensimbi engagqwali
I. Imisebenzi kanye Nezindinganiso Eziyinhloko
Imisebenzi eyinhloko
- Ukuhlanzeka okukhulu: ubulukhuni bomphezulu uRa ≤ 0.1μm (ibanga lesibuko), kunciphisa ukunamathela kwamagciwane ngo 90%+
- Thuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala: ifilimu yokudlulisa iqiniswe yi- izikhathi ezingu-3, futhi ukuhlolwa kokufutha usawoti kungaphezu kwalokho Amahora ayi-1000 (Iphindwe izikhathi ezingu-5-8 kune-substrate yokuqala)
- Ukungaqondi kahle kanye nokufana: ukuncibilika okukhethiwe kwezindawo ezincane ukuze kufezwe ukushelela okugcwele kobuso bemigodi eyinkimbinkimbi
- Ukuphepha kwezinga lezokwelapha: susa izinhlayiya zensimbi ezifakwe ebusweni futhi uvimbele ukungcoliswa kwe-ion yensimbi
Ukuxazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile
| Amaphuzu obuhlungu embonini | Izixazululo zokupholisha nge-electrolytic |
| Ukukhula kwamagciwane emgudwini wemithi | Indawo eshelelayo kakhulu engu-Ra0.08μm ivimbela i-biofilm |
| Ukungcola kwensimbi emishinini ye-semiconductor | Susa ungqimba lwesici esingu-5-20μm ebusweni |
| Ukuthungwa kokupholisha ngomshini akulingani | wonke umphezulu ulinganiswe ngogesi |
II. Isimiso Sokusebenza
Indlela ephindwe kabili yokwakhiwa kabusha kwefilimu yokuncibilika kwe-anodic kanye nokwakhiwa kabusha kwefilimu yokuphambuka
Inqubo yokulinganisa nge-Microscopic:
① Ama-ion avuthukile ancibilikiswa ngokukhethekile → ② ungqimba oluqinile lwe-electrolyte luyakhiwa → ③ ukucindezeleka kuvikelwe ifilimu yokudlula → ④ ubuso buvame ukuba yisicaba ezingeni le-athomu
Umfanekiso: Indlela yokwakheka kwefilimu yokukhetha amaqhubu nge-microscopic kanye ne-passivation (ukubhekwa kwe-SEM)
III. Inqubo yokusebenza kwenqubo
Izinyathelo zokulawula ngokunemba
- Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi
- Ukususa amafutha nge-alkaline (60℃ × 10min) → ukuhlanza nge-ultrasound → ukuhlanza ngamanzi ahlanzekile
- Ukupholisha nge-electrolytic
- I-Electrolyte: I-65% ye-phosphoric acid + 15% ye-sulfuric acid + 20% ye-glycerol (60-80℃)
- Amapharamitha: i-voltage 12-18V, ukuminyana kwamanje 20-50A/dm²isikhathi 5-15min
- Amathuluzi: I-cathode yebhasikidi ye-titanium iqhele ngo-100-150mm ukusuka endaweni yokusebenza
- Ngemva kokwelashwa
- Hlanza ukugeleza kathathu emuva → ukwenziwa kwe-ultrasonic emanzini ahlanzekile → ukomisa i-nitrogen
- Izindinganiso zokulawula ikhwalithi
- Ubulukhuni: URa ≤ 0.1μm kutholwe yi-interferometer yokukhanya okumhlophe
- Ukumelana nokugqwala: Ukuhlolwa kokufuthwa kukasawoti we-acetic acid okusheshisiwe ngosawoti we-copper (CASS) ≥48h ngaphandle kokushintsha umbala
IV. Qhathanisa nezinye izinqubo
| Isici | Ukupholisha nge-electrolytic | Ukupholisha ngomshini | Ukupholisha kwamakhemikhali |
| Ubulukhuni bomphezulu | I-Ra 0.02-0.1μm (ukuphela kwesibuko) | I-Ra 0.1-0.4μm (ukuthungwa) | I-Ra 0.2-0.5μm (ikhasi le-orange) |
| Ukumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe | ★★★★★(Ukuqina kwefilimu ye-Passivation) | ★★☆☆☆(Ukungcola kokungena ngaphakathi) | ★★★☆☆(Ukugqwala okufanayo) |
| Ukucutshungulwa kwesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi | Ukumbozwa okugcwele kwemigodi/imigodi emincane yangaphakathi | Ukufinyelela kungenzeka kuphela endaweni engaphandle | Ukujula komgodi akuzinzile |
| Ukuchitheka kwezinto | Ukususwa ngokunemba okungu-5-20μm | Ukugqokwa okukhuhlayo okungu-10-100μm | Ukuncibilika kwe-Anisotropic kwe-20-50μm |
| Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo | Izinga lokululama kwe-asidi elahliwe lingu->85% | Ukungcoliswa kothuli | Ukukhishwa kwe-nitrogen oxide |
| Izindleko eziyinhloko | ¥150-300/㎡ | ¥80-150/㎡ | ¥50-100/㎡ |
Ubufakazi obungokobufakazi embonini yezokwelapha:
Ukupholisha nge-electrolytic kwezinsimbi zokuhlinza:
- Insalela yamagciwane: (ukupholisha ngomshini> 200 CFU/cm²)
- Isikhathi sokuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane sifinyezwa yi- 40%
V. Umhlahlandlela Wesimo Sesicelo
• Izindawo ezingathathelwa indawo:
- ✅ Imishini yezokwelapha nge-biopharmaceutical (ithangi lokubilisa/ipayipi lomshini wokomisa oqandisiwe)
- ✅ Uhlelo loketshezi oluhlanzekile kakhulu (ipayipi lenqubo ye-semiconductor cavity/gas)
- ✅ Amadivayisi ezokwelapha angatshalwa (izikulufo zamathambo/izinsika zenhliziyo)
• Ezinye izindlela zomnotho:
- ❌ Izingxenye zokuhlobisa ezijwayelekile (ukupholisha okwenziwa ngomshini okunconywayo)
- ❌ Izingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo (izindleko eziphezulu)
Isiphetho: Ukupholisha nge-electrolytic kufeza impumelelo ephindwe kabili ekusebenzeni nasekuphepheni kwensimbi engagqwali ngokulinganisa ubuso obusezingeni le-athomu kuhlanganiswe nokwakhiwa kabusha kwefilimu yokudlulisa amandla. Igumbi lokuhlanza lekilasi 1000 ingacubungula izingxenye ezincane ezinezimbobo ezinobubanzi Φ3mm, ukufinyelela okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo ongaphezulu (ukuhlaziywa kwe-XPS) okuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-ASME BPE kanye ne-FDA cGMP, okunikeza izixazululo zobuso ezihlanzekile kakhulu zezimboni ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Isithasiselo: Ukuqhathaniswa komphumela wokupholisha we-electrolytic
Umfanekiso: Ukuqhathaniswa kobuso obuncane kanye nokumelana nokugqwala phakathi kokupholisha ngomshini (kwesobunxele) kanye nokupholisha nge-electrolytic (kwesokudla)
• Isithasiselo sobuchwepheshe
- Ukuhlaziywa kokwakheka kwe-membrane (ukutholwa kwe-XPS):
- Okuqukethwe kwe-Cr₂O₃: 75-85% (ukupholisha ngomshini kuphela 40-60%)
- Isilinganiso se-Fe/Cr: ≤0.1 (imfuneko yebanga lezokwelapha ≤0.3)
- Imingcele yemingcele:
- Ukunemba okuphezulu kokucubungula: I-Ra 0.008μm (ibanga le-silicon eli-monocrystalline)
- Ukucubungula okuncane kokuvula: Umgodi ojulile ongu-Φ 0.5mm (isilinganiso sobude nobubanzi 10:1)
- Inqubo entsha:
- Ukupholisha kwe-electrolytic kwe-pulse: ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo 30%
- Usizo lwe-plasma lokushisa eliphansi: ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuncishiswe yi 40%